The plea for ransom comes up approximately a dozen times in the iliad. This lesson will focus on the role of sarpedon, son of the king of the gods zeus and the mortal woman laodamia, in the iliad. In greek mythology, sarpedon was a son of zeus, who fought on the side of troy in the trojan war. This is never more striking than sarpedons noblesse oblidge in book 12. The iliadpowerpointpresentation1 linkedin slideshare. Book xvii at last gives the reader the aristeia of menelaos. According to scholia to iliad book 12, citing hesiod and bacchylides, europa bore zeus three sons on crete, minos, sarpedon, and. The way the greeks and the trojans speak, mackie argues, reflects their disparate cultural structures and their relative positions in the trojan war. The category names at the left side of the chartreply position, initial position, single speech, and successive speechindicate. Book xii of a new complete english translation with.
Without sarpedons speech in iliad 12, we would be left with the. Fateful choicesthe price of glory readings monday class, sept. While patroklos assists eurypylos, the battle continues. Figurative language in the iliad by prezi user on prezi.
In homers iliad, the epic poets heroes are often motivated by kleos, a greek word which can carry meanings such good reputation, fame, and glory. In this penetrating new look at the use of language in the iliad, hilary mackie examines the portrayal of the opposing forces in terms not only of nationality but of linguistics. Then patroclus set his foot upon sarpedon s chest, pulled his spear out of the body. The trojans assail the rampart, and hector, despite an omen, which polydamas interprets.
Homeric epithets epithets often compound adjectives came about as a result of composing and listening to oral poetry examples include brilliant achilles or hector. Like chopping twelveinch logs for exercise feathers of. In book seven, they had to fortify their camp with a wall. Thus to glaucus spakedivine sarpedon since he did not findothers as great in place as great in mind. Sarpedons speech to glaucus, in the twelfth book of homer poem by john denham. In the tenth year of the trojan war, tensions are running high among the achaians a superancient name for the ancient greeks.
War and character in the iliad preyanka gothanayagi college. Ajax and teucer kill several men but are unable to prevent sarpedon from finally breaching the achaean wall. They had built it to protect their ships, and had dug. Dolon asks to be taken alive, and the achaeans use the opportunity to gather information from him. Sarpedon in iliad 5 and 16 northwestern university. Eventually comes across a trojan soldier, sarpedon, who is the mortal son of zeus. The trojan men spun like locusts swarming up in the air, whipped by rushing fire. The poet tells us how, one day, the gods will destroy the wallfor it was built without the proper sacrifices. I have read the iliad over and over again and i still cant quite come to grips with what we are supposed to think of achilles. So shouted forth the twain, and aroused the battle of the achaeans. Two winged figures who represent sleep and death gently lift the stillbleeding sarpedon off the battlefield. Sarpedon was a son of zeus and laodamia, daughter of bellerophon, and also a lycian king. Six studies of sacral vocabulary relating to the fireplace, pp. The iliad is intended to be an enormously long poem, in order to reflect the.
Sarpedon became king when his uncles withdrew their claim to lycia. Then patroclus set his foot upon sarpedons chest, pulled his spear out of the body. This creates the tragic irony of the audience knowing hectors fate even as. In the iliad, occasional syntactic inconsistency may be an oral tradition effectfor example, aphrodite is laughterloving, despite being painfully wounded by diomedes book v, 375. The poem is commonly dated to the 8th or 7th century bc, and many scholars believe it is the oldest extant work of literature in the greek language, making it the first work of european literature. First, the priest chryses comes to ask their leader, king agamemnon, to release his daughter, whom agamemnon was holding captive. In battle, fighters also taunt their opponents to dishearten them, such as when heracless son reminds sarpedon that his father successfully sacked troy. Clarissas reasonable speech here is an almost lineforline parody of the speech that sarpedon, a trojan noble, makes to his son glaucus, urging him to win glory by leading the attack on the invading greeks, from book 12 of homers iliad. Sarpedon, the son of zeus, is an ally of troy and a huge hero of the trojan war. Although in the iliad, he was the son of zeus and laodamia, the daughter of. Achilles splits the trojan line at the river xanthus.
Sarpedons speech to glaucus, in the twelfth book of homer. Get an answer for in the iliad, book 22, in what way is hectors decision to flee from achilles consistent with hectors character. Its supposed to mess with your speech, making you sound drunk. Dolon passes by the hiding diomedes and odysseus, and the pair spring upon him, chasing him down. Zeus contemplates whether to save his son from being killed or not. Thus spoke sarpedon, but his speech gnawed the heart of hector, and immediately he leaped from his. Dolon tells the two all about the trojan position, letting them know the best place to attack. There is a loose but unmistakeable cluster of repetitions that tie the sarpedon scenes in iliad 16 to the scenes that describe or surround the presence of sarpedon. The iliad, like other epics, is a small fragment of a large body of legendary material that formed the cultural and historical heritage of its society. And as flakes of snow fall thick on a winters day, when zeus, the counsellor, 280 bestirreth. The iliad book 16 death of patroclus american literature. Book nine, a crucial turning point in the poem all quotations from the iliad are from the translation of richmond lattimore, university of chicago press, 1951 the assembly when book nine opens, the greeks have suffered serious reverses. Standing stoically behind sleep and death, are laodamas and hippolochos, two trojan warriors who were killed in battle prior to sarpedon. The way the greeks and the trojans speak, mackie argues, reflects their disparate cultural structures and their relative positions in.
Even though he is killed in battle, this king manages to rally those around him and to motivate the great hector to. Quiz 83191 learn with flashcards, games, and more for free. In homers the iliad, even the children of the gods are not immune to their fate. Sarpedon does this by telling hector his lycians are doing more than hectors trojans to defend troy. May 14, 2012 sarpedon to glaucus, allies of troy, book 12 susan bertolinothe iliadmosaic 2 14 15. The pattern known as ring composition is a formal device signaling closure which is typical of archaic greek literature and generally of oral and orallyinfluenced literatures. The following two tables categorize and total i the speeches and ii the speech introductions in the iliad and the odyssey book by book. This creates the tragic irony of the audience knowing hectors fate even as he gains ground in battle and boasts of zeuss support.
Robert fitzgerald translated the iliad, composed orally by homer three thousand years ago. Sarpedon, in greek legend, son of zeus, the king of the gods, and laodameia, the daughter of bellerophon. The death of sarpedon and the question of homeric uniqueness, pp. The category names at the left side of the chartreply position, initial position, single speech, and successive speech indicate the type of speech as described in the introduction. The halfmortal sarpedon is the king of lycia, and an important ally on troys side in the trojan war. Nestor upholds honor in war by giving uplifting speeches to the achaeans. The capture of menelaos wife caused the trojan war, yet he has for the most part been a bit player in the story, often looked out for by his older brother, agamemnon.
Homers iliad has captivated readers and influenced writers and artist. The book opens with the explanation that in the future the wall will be completely destroyed by poseidon, showing the impermanence of human creation. Patroclus goes on a killing spree and even kills zeus son sarpedon. The trojans glaucus and sarpedon now charge the ramparts, and menestheus, aided by great ajax and. Sarpedon to glaucus, allies of troy, book 12 susan bertolinothe iliadmosaic 2 14 15.
Ring composition in this handout, i use the actual line numbers from the iliad. He is obviously the strongest, allconquering, neverdefeated hero of the book, but even putting aside the fact that he stews in his own tent for the bulk of the epic, he is also presented in incredibly unfavorable terms, as someone whose reaction to being deprived of. In book 12 of the iliad we see a conversation between glaucus and sarpedon which reveals a great deal about the heroic attitude to death and honour. So the son of menoetius was attending to the hurt of eurypylus. The category names at the left side of the chartreply position, initial position, single speech, and successive speechindicate the type of speech as described in the introduction. Achilles now like inhuman fire raging on through the mountain gorges splinterdry, setting ablaze big stands of timber, the wind swirling the huge fireball left and right chaos of fire achilles storming on with brandished spear like a frenzied god of battle trampling all he. So in the same moment he tugged out the spear point and took sarpedon s life. So, i decided to try it out while reading shakespeare.
Book xii book xii, sometimes called the book of the wall, completes the first grand sweep of trojan successes as homer builds up to the reentry of achilles. From sarpedons speech to glaucus discussed above, it may appear that the characters of the homeric poems value most highly those who are most effective in attaining the goals of the society. The iliad, together with the odyssey, is one of two ancient greek epic poems traditionally attributed to homer. The lycians sarpedon and glaucus attack the ramparts, and the achaean captain menestheus calls to great ajax to help repulse their powerful advance. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. He fought on the side of the trojans, with his cousin glaukos, during the trojan war becoming one of troys greatest allies and heroes. Sarpedon, according to the myth, was the son of zeus and laodamia, which made. Read book 16 death of patroclus of the iliad by homer. Books xiixv cliffsnotes study guides book summaries. This points to the fact that troy was an extremely wealthy city and, therefore, would be able to pay a ransom to get back its prisoners of war. After achilles kills hector, the achaeans will advance until they have taken troy, an event that occurs after the end of the iliad.
The iliad paperback march 31, 2009 by homer, author see all 11 formats and editions hide other formats and editions. So in the same moment he tugged out the spear point and took sarpedons life. This one statement, made by the godlike achilles to king priam in the last chapter of the book, provides the reader a contextual summary of what the greeks believed was their role in the universe. A struggle took place for the possession of his body until apollo rescued it from the.
So the son of menoetius was attending to the hurt of eurypyluswithin the tent but the argives and trojans still fought desperatelynor were the trench. Because there is so much action, it might be hard to keep track of it all. As recounted in homers iliad, book xvi, sarpedon fought with distinction on the side of the trojans but was slain by the greek warrior patroclus. Its an app that you can download onto a smartphone that will delay the playback of your voice by a split second. In book vii he preaches about the glory of victory to his troops, convincing them to. Homer, iliad, book 16, line 1 perseus digital library. Sarpedon in iliad 5 and 16 well over half of shared nonce repetitions in iliad 5 and 16 occur in the scenes that lead up to and follow from the encounter of sarpedon and patroklos.
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